隨著科學技術的發(fā)展，液壓傳動技術在越來越多的領域得到了廣泛的應用，針對液壓系統(tǒng)和元件的性能測試工作也越來越頻繁。傳統(tǒng)的液壓綜合實驗臺液壓測試技術主要依靠試驗操作者手動操作，數(shù)據(jù)采集方式為：傳感器+模擬二次儀表。這種試驗方法得到的結(jié)果帶有嚴重的人為誤差，效率低、精度差，而且試驗過程繁瑣、分析不便。針對上述情況，本文按照使用方的實際使用要求，參考國家和行業(yè)的相關液壓試驗標準，以雙彈車雙缸同步系統(tǒng)及其常用典型液壓元件為試驗對象，設計了一套全新的液壓綜合試驗臺系統(tǒng)。 文章從實際的工程項目出發(fā)，開展了以下設計和研究工作： (1) 根據(jù)用戶要求并結(jié)合所編寫的試驗大綱，設計了試驗臺的液壓系統(tǒng)，針對典型的試驗回路，分析了其設計思想和工作原理。 (2) 液壓綜合實驗臺提出了上位工控機+下位機PLC的分級式控制工作方式，論述了PLC控制系統(tǒng)應用程序的編寫思路，采用基于VB環(huán)境下的模塊化編程方式編寫上位機應用軟件，為保證試驗數(shù)據(jù)在采集與分析過程中的真實性，系統(tǒng)利用上位機對傳感器信號進行了非線性補償、修正，對特性曲線也進行了必要的擬合處理等。 (3) 為了保證系統(tǒng)的測試精度，文章對液壓綜合實驗臺系統(tǒng)的相關性能因素進行了分析與研究：建立了回路上主電液換向閥閥芯運動的動力學方程，和由于該閥芯的動作所導致的液壓沖擊過程的數(shù)學模型，通過對上述數(shù)學模型的仿真分析，確立了電液換向閥先導控制壓力、主閥芯換向時間、液壓沖擊三者之間的匹配關系，為不同試驗要求下選擇不同的先導控制壓力提供了理論依據(jù)；文章對系統(tǒng)先導式壓力調(diào)節(jié)閥的先導閥芯進行了建模與仿真，分析了在壓力沖擊下先導閥芯的動態(tài)響應特性，論證了系統(tǒng)壓力調(diào)節(jié)過程中良好的壓力跟隨性能；文章還針對現(xiàn)場調(diào)試過程中測得的主變量泵控制電流與流量之間的關系曲線進行了分析，闡述了該系統(tǒng)良好的流量比例連續(xù)調(diào)節(jié)變化特性。 (4) 通過對現(xiàn)場試驗過程及結(jié)論的分析，表明雙彈車同步系統(tǒng)液壓綜合實驗臺達到了預期的設計目的，其測試精度達到C級，完全滿足用戶的使用要求。
With the development of the science and technology, fluid driving is used widely in more and more fields. The function test of hydraulic component is more frequent. The traditional hydraulic technology of test depends on the manual operation, and the way of data collection is sensor and simulation quadric meter. By this means, the factitious error is very serious in conclusion, lower efficiency and precision, and the test process is loaded down with trivial details, not convenient. Aiming at above-mentioned, according to the using demand, referring to interrelated nation and calling hydraulic test criteria, the dissertation designs a set of hydraulic compositive test bed, for the synchronous hydraulic system and the typical hydraulic components of double-bomb transport vehicle as test object.Based on the project of factory, the dissertation will do the design and research as follows:(1) The hydraulic system of test bed is designed according to the using demand and the test outline. Aiming at the typical test circuit, the dissertation analyzes its designing idea and working principle.( 2 ) The dissertation brings forward a grade-pattern automatic control scheme of upper-computer & lower PLC, elaborates the compiling idea of the applied program of PLC control system, adopts programming way of pattern plate to do the applied program of upper computer based on VB. In order to assure the credibility of the test data from sensors in the process of collection and transmission, the sensor signal is compensated non-linearity and modified by upper computer, and the characteristic curve is bedecked.(3 ) In order to assure the test precision of the system, the dissertation goes on analyzing as follows: The paper builds the dynamics model of the valve-core movement and the mathematics model of hydraulic impact resulting from the movement of the valve-core. Through the simulation and analysis, the dissertation sets up the matching relation of precursor control pressure, action time, hydraulic impact, providing theory supporting for choosing difference control pressure under different test require. The dissertation sets up the data model of the precursor core of the pressure valve, analyzes its dynamic response performance under hydraulic impact, proves its good response characteristic. According to analyzing the localABSTRACTtest relation curve about the control electricity and the flow of the variable pump, it proves that the proportion adjusting performance of the variable system is very good.(4) The analysis results for the local test show that the hydraulic compositive test bed of double-bomb transport vehicle attains expected design purpose, and the precision grade attains C.
